Nephrology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of kidney- related conditions. Nephrologists specialize in disorders that affect the kidneys, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidney stones, hypertension (high blood pressure), glomerulonephritis, and acute kidney injury. They also manage conditions related to kidney function, such as electrolyte imbalances, fluid retention, and complications like anemia or bone disease. Treatment may involve medications, lifestyle changes, dialysis (for patients with kidney failure), and kidney transplantation. The goal of nephrology is to maintain kidney health, prevent the progression of kidney disease, and improve the overall quality of life for patients with kidney- related issues.